Without going too C Level Contact List far into history, we can say that there is an essential root for the current party system that comes from the formation of the nation-state: the Nordic states are ancient political orders of a peripheral nature, dating back to the Middle Ages and have fairly homogeneous populations from an ethnic point C Level Contact List of view. Post-medieval Norway became part of the kingdom of Denmark and then, during the 19th century , was forced into a dynastic union with Sweden. Finland was part of Sweden until 1809, when it was C Level Contact List conquered by Russia. Although these experiences left their logical marks, they did not imply traumatic divisions.
Heteronomy before 1800 was pre-nationalist C Level Contact List and the new administration of the nineteenth centuryin Finland and Norway it included constitutional and cultural autonomy. Internal affairs were left in the hands of local elites. Despite C Level Contact List some tense negotiations, both Norwegian and Finnish independence were granted without violence by the Swedish monarchy in 1905 and by the Soviet Union in 1918, respectively. For all these reasons, no hegemonic imperial or nationalist party was ever established in the Nordic C Level Contact List democracies. Nor did any major Christian Democratic party emerge.
The Lutheran state churches left matters C Level Contact List of family law and education in the hands of the state and never really tried to organize the industrial working class. The dissenting "free churches" did try, but they couldn't get very far because they were too fragmented from each other. 100 or 150 years ago they were oriented towards democratic C Level Contact List liberalism and often were not against a growing labor movement with autonomous C Level Contact List characteristics. Largely deprived of assets suitable for popular mobilization, such as nationalism, ethnic hostility, and modern, politicized religion, the conservative parties in the Nordic countries never managed to achieve political dominance through universal suffrage.